1. General Model Information

Name: Simulation by means of an Analytical Lake MOdel

Acronym: SALMO

Main medium: aquatic
Main subject: hydrology, population dynamics, Water Quality
Organization level: Ecosystem
Type of model: ordinary differential equations
Main application: decision support, research, education
Keywords: Limnology, Lake, Reservoir, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, Nutrients, Eutrophication, Foodweb, Water Quality

Contact:

Thomas Petzoldt
Dresden University of Technology, Institute of Hydrobiology
Germany
Phone:
Fax:
email: thomas.petzoldt@tu-dresden.de
Homepage: http://tu-dresden.de/hydrobiologie/

Author(s):

Jürgen Benndorf and Friedrich Recknagel

Abstract:

The dynamic ecological model SALMO (Simulation of an Analytical Lake Model) simulates the most important planktic food-web compartments of lakes and reservoirs. The state variables are soluble reactive phosphorus, anorganic nitrogen, two phytoplankton groups, zooplankton, oxygen and detritus. With the exception of two lake specific parameters, all other parameters are general constants, which are widely applicable to lakes and reservoirs of different trophic state. The production version SALMO II is an spatially aggregated model with two horizontal layers (epilimnion and hypolimnion) and a variable mixing depth. If horizontal exchange rates are available (e.g. from a 3D hydrodynamic model) multiple horizontal compartments can be combined. The model can be used within scenario analysis applications for decision making and as a research tool. Furthermore the model is extended to the complete 1D hydrodynamic-ecological model GETAS (Gekoppelte Talsperrensimulation = coupled reservoir simulation).

II. Technical Information

II.1 Executables:

Operating System(s): JAVA Virtual Machine (tested on Windows, Linux, Solaris and Macintosh)

II.2 Source-code:

Programming Language(s): JAVA

II.3 Manuals:

II.4 Data:

The model can be run alternatively in batch mode or from a user-friendly Excel spreadsheet holding input data and simulation parameters.

III. Mathematical Information

III.1 Mathematics

III.2 Quantities

state variables: phosphorus, nitrogen, phytoplankton, zooplankton, oxygen, detritus; many algebraic equations and more than 100 fixed parameters.

III.2.1 Input

time series of phosphorus, nitrogen, water and particulate matter in inflow, photosynthetic active radiation, water temperature, mixing depth, water volume

III.2.2 Output

time series of phosphorus, nitrogen, phytoplankton, zooplankton, oxygen and detritus within two layers; separate horizontal compartments (e.g. for lake basins) are possible

IV. References

Benndorf, J., 1979: Kausalanalyse, theoretische Synthese und Simulation des Eutrophierungsprozesses in stehenden und gestauten Gewässern. Habilitationsschrift, TU Dresden, Fakultät Bau-, Wasser- und Forstwesen.

Benndorf, J., R. Koschel and F. Recknagel, 1985: The pelagic zone of Lake Stechlin. An approach to a theoretical model. In: Casper, S., ed., Lake Stechlin. A Temperate Oligotrophic Lake., 443-453. Junk Publishers.

Benndorf, J. and F. Recknagel, 1979: Experimente mit einem dynamischen ökologischen Modell der Freiwasserregion von Talsperren und Seen. Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol. 7: 473-490.

Benndorf, J. and F. Recknagel, 1982: Problems of application of the ecological model SALMO to lakes and reservoirs having various trophic states. Ecological Modelling 17: 129-145.

Petzoldt, T., Siemens K. (2002): Nutzung eines ökologischen Simulationsmodells im Entscheidungsfindungsprozess: Anwendung des Modells SALMO auf die Talsperre Bautzen. Wasser und Boden, 54, 9, 42-48.

Planke, H., Dietze, S. und Benndorf, J. (1997): Modellierung aquatischer Ökosysteme zum Zwecke der Bewirtschaftung. Technische Universität Ilmenau, Tagungsband des 42. Internationalen Wissenschaftlichen Kolloquiums Informatik und Automatisierung im Zeitalter der Informationsgesellschaft 3, 267-272.

Willmitzer, H., H. Planke and K. Hövel, 1998: Einsatz des Simulationsmodells SALMO für die Bewirtschaftung von Trinkwassertalsperren. gwf - Wasser - Abwasser - ATT Special 139: 42-46.

Rolinski,S.; Petzoldt,T.; Benndorf,J. (2007): Nutrients, weather, food web: What we need to model throphic change?
in: Schauser,I.; Strube,T. (eds.): Proceedings of the Workshop PERSPECTIVES OF LAKE MODELLING TOWARDS PREDICTING REACTION TO TROPHIC CHANGE, Berlin, November 8th and 9th, 2007, p.30-37. fulltext

V. Further information in the World-Wide-Web

VI. Additional remarks

Commercial SALMO applications are available as part of limnological studies from IDUS GmbH (http://www.idus.de).

Last review of this document by: Mon Oct 27 09:40:13 2003
Status of the document: Contributed by Thomas Petzoldt
last modified by Joachim Benz Sun Jun 8 14:10:31 CEST 2008